Enlarged and twisted veins, known as varicose veins, can manifest anywhere in the body but are most commonly found in the legs. Spider veins, which are milder and appear in red or blue hues, are typically located on the legs and face just beneath the skin.
The development of varicose veins is often attributed to weak or damaged valves within the circulatory system. Arteries transport blood from the heart to various parts of the body, while veins return blood from the body back to the heart. In the legs, where gravity poses a challenge, the veins must counteract it to facilitate blood return to the heart.
To accomplish this, muscles in the lower legs tighten, serving as pumps and vein walls assist in guiding the blood towards the heart. Within the veins, small valves open as blood flows towards the heart and close to prevent backward blood flow. When these valves are compromised, either weakened or damaged, blood may flow backwards and accumulate in the veins, leading to their enlargement and distortion.
Varicose veins occur primarily in superficial veins with one-way valves. Prolonged periods of sitting or standing can contribute to blood pooling in the leg veins, weakening both walls and valves.
– Veins appearing dark purple, blue, or matching the skin color
– Twisted and bulging veins resembling cords on the legs
Additionally, individuals may experience:
– Aching legs
– Heaviness in the legs, particularly after exercise or later in the day
– Prolonged bleeding from injuries in the affected area
– Lipodermatosclerosis, where fat beneath the skin just above the ankle hardens, leading to skin shrinkage
– Swollen ankles
– Telangiectasia, or spider veins, in the affected leg
– Discoloration of the skin near varicose veins
– Venous eczema or stasis dermatitis, characterized by red, dry, and itchy skin in the affected area
– Leg cramps upon sudden standing
– Restless leg syndrome
– Atrophie blanche, irregular whitish patches resembling scars at the ankles
Varicose veins are primarily a cosmetic concern, however there can be rare complications:
– Ulcers, typically near the ankles, initially marked by a discoloured spot that progresses to ulcer formation
– Blood clots, specifically deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the deep veins, which rarely occurs in severe cases of varicose veins
– Possible bursting of veins close to the surface, leading to minor bleeding that necessitates medical assistance
Diagnosing varicose veins typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation and diagnostic tests. The vascular surgeon will begin by conducting a thorough physical examination, assessing the appearance of the veins and any associated symptoms. They may inquire about your medical history, lifestyle, and any family history of venous issues. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, are commonly used to provide a visual depiction of the veins’ structure and blood flow, helping to confirm the presence and severity of varicose veins. Duplex ultrasound, a specialised ultrasound technique, is particularly effective in evaluating the direction and speed of blood flow in the veins. In certain cases, more advanced imaging modalities like venography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be recommended. This comprehensive diagnostic approach enables the surgeon to tailor an appropriate treatment plan based on the specific characteristics and extent of the varicose veins.
The approach to treating varicose veins is individualised, considering factors such as overall health, age, and medical history, as well as the severity of the condition and the presence of specific signs and symptoms. Some common treatment options include:
The choice of treatment depends on the individual’s specific circumstances and the recommendations of healthcare professionals to ensure the most effective and tailored approach to managing varicose veins.
Understanding and addressing varicose veins is crucial for maintaining vascular health and overall well-being. By recognising risk factors, symptoms, and available treatments, individuals can make informed decisions about their care. Whether through lifestyle modifications, preventive measures, or medical interventions, there are diverse avenues for managing varicose veins. It’s essential to prioritise vascular health and seek professional advice, to ensure a healthier and more comfortable life. Remember, informed choices and proactive steps can make a significant impact on preventing, managing, and treating varicose veins, ultimately promoting better circulatory health and enhancing the quality of life. Book into see our vascular surgeon for treatment of varicose veins or the family physician for the treatment of spider veins.
To book a consultation or for more information, call +971 50 494 6377 to schedule an appointment with our vascular surgeon, Dr Vincenzo Di Donna.
Dr. Vincenzo Di Donna, is our skilled vascular surgeon specialising in vascular surgery and regenerative medicine. With a medical degree from the Second University of Naples, Italy, Dr. Vincenzo is dedicated to exploring innovative and minimally invasive treatments for his patients. He expertly combines traditional medical therapies with cutting-edge diagnostic and therapeutic technologies to provide comprehensive care to help you navigate the journey with greater ease.
